NRT Comparison 2026 (UK): Gum, Patches, Lozenges, Vapes

Quitting smoking is achievable with the right support. The UK still has millions of smokers, and the evidence shows that licensed nicotine replacement therapy can meaningfully improve quit success. According to peer reviewed research, around 5.3 million adults in the UK still smoke, while NRT roughly doubles the chances of stopping compared with placebo or no aid (Nicotine & Tobacco Research). In recent years, more UK adults now vape than smoke, which has widened the set of practical tools people use when they decide to quit (ASH). This guide compares the main options adults use in 2026: gum, patches, lozenges, inhalers, and vape products. We present how each works, who they suit best, the strength of evidence, and how to match methods to your routine. You will also find an at a glance table, a section on safe combination use, and links to NHS stop smoking support. Our aim is to give clear, UK focused, evidence led guidance so you can choose the method, or mix of methods, that fits your goals and lifestyle. For a more detailed overview of nicotine replacement methods and quitting strategies in the UK, see our Quit Smoking UK: Nicotine Replacement Guide 2026.

Key Takeaways

• NRT increases the chances of quitting by about 50%, and patches reach around 27% abstinence by 26 weeks in some studies (Nicotine & Tobacco Research).
• Combining a patch with a fast acting product improves quit rates by about 25% over a single form (NIHR Evidence).
• More UK adults vape than smoke, and e cigarettes show higher quit rates than traditional NRT in pooled analyses, with a risk ratio of 1.55 (ASH; NIDA).

Introduction: Why Compare NRT Options?

Different nicotine replacement tools support different needs. Some people want steady background relief from withdrawal. Others need fast, on demand control of sudden urges. Many want both. With an estimated 5.3 million smokers in the UK, there is a clear need for practical, proven methods that suit varied lives and routines (Nicotine & Tobacco Research). Evidence indicates that NRT roughly doubles the chance of quitting versus going unaided, but the right fit depends on dependence level, habits, and previous quit attempts (Nicotine & Tobacco Research). A quick comparison helps you find an approach you can stick with. Adults who use methods they can integrate into everyday life tend to adhere better. For example, a daily patch simplifies routine, while gum or lozenges handle stress driven cravings at work or social events. Some smokers prefer a hand to mouth action that mimics smoking, which is where inhalers and vapes can be useful. This guide outlines what each option does well, where the trade offs sit, and how to combine methods safely for better results. It also links to NHS behavioural support, which complements pharmacotherapy and improves success. For further reading on how to choose the right NRT and the latest UK guidance, check our Nicotine Replacement Therapy UK 2026 Guide.

What is Nicotine Replacement Therapy? (UK 2026 Overview)

Nicotine replacement therapy supplies nicotine without smoke. It reduces withdrawal and cravings, which helps adults stop tobacco while avoiding exposure to tar and carbon monoxide. The main licensed NRT forms in the UK include patches, gum, lozenges, inhalers, and nasal spray. These products have dose ranges to match different dependence levels. Clinical evidence shows that, overall, NRT increases quit rates by around 50% compared with placebo or no aid (Nicotine & Tobacco Research). Patches provide steady background nicotine over the day, which helps with baseline withdrawal. Fast acting forms, such as gum, lozenges, inhalers, and nasal spray, act within minutes to help with peak cravings. Higher dose regimens within patch ranges have been associated with greater quit rates in some trials, which can matter for heavily dependent smokers (CNS Drugs, via PMC). In the UK, licensed NRT is regulated for quality and safety, and is widely available in pharmacies and through NHS stop smoking services. UK guidance encourages behavioural support alongside pharmacotherapy for best results. In parallel, many adults use consumer vaping products as a harm reduction option, and stop smoking services increasingly work with people who choose to vape while quitting. National surveys show that more adults now vape than smoke in Britain (ASH).

How NRT helps

NRT reduces the physiological withdrawal that follows stopping cigarettes. It provides enough nicotine to blunt irritability, difficulty concentrating, and urge peaks, then allows a taper over time. Each form has a different absorption profile. Patches deliver slowly through the skin. Gum and lozenges absorb through the mouth. Inhalers and sprays give faster relief through mouth or nasal mucosa. Used correctly, this reduces the daily friction of quitting and allows you to focus on habit change.

Nicotine Gum: Features, Pros, and Cons

Nicotine gum is a flexible, fast acting option. It uses a chew and park technique to release nicotine into the mouth lining. UK products are commonly available in 2 mg and 4 mg strengths, often with mint or fruit flavours to aid acceptability (LloydsPharmacy Online Doctor). Gum works well for situational triggers, like a stressful call or a commute, when you want quick control of an urge. Evidence suggests gum on its own delivers modest quit rates. A meta analysis reported an 11.3% quit rate in gum users, reminding us that technique and adherence matter and that many people benefit from adding a steady background product such as a patch (Systematic review, PMC). In practice, adults who carry gum have a portable tool for travel, meetings, or social settings. It is discreet, and dosing can be titrated to need across the day. Drawbacks include the need to remember to use it often, potential jaw discomfort with frequent chewing, and taste aversion for some users. People with dental concerns, dentures, or jaw problems may prefer lozenges or inhalers. As with all NRT, read the pack instructions to learn correct chewing technique, since rapid chewing without parking reduces absorption and leads to hiccups or heartburn.

Who gum suits best

Adults who want on demand control without changing routine much. It fits shift work, travel, and irregular schedules. It can also complement a patch for surge control during the first weeks. If you have jaw or dental issues, consider lozenges as an alternative.

Nicotine Patches: Features, Pros, and Cons

Nicotine patches deliver a steady dose over 16 or 24 hours. You apply a patch to clean, dry skin and replace it on a rotation schedule to avoid irritation. Patches are popular because they reduce decision load, which can improve adherence. Evidence indicates they are effective on average, with some studies observing about 27% abstinence at 26 weeks in patch users (Nicotine & Tobacco Research). Pharmacologically, a steady baseline helps flatten withdrawal, mood swings, and morning cravings. Higher dose patches, within licensed ranges, have shown greater quit rates in certain populations, which can be considered for heavier smokers under professional guidance (CNS Drugs, via PMC). Limitations include possible local skin reactions, vivid dreams with 24 hour wear, and limited support for oral or hand to mouth habits. Many adults add a fast acting product to cover spikes. Technique still matters with patches. Apply to hairless skin, press firmly, and change sites day to day. If a patch comes loose with sweating or swimming, replace it as directed. If you experience persistent skin reactions, discuss alternatives with a pharmacist or stop smoking advisor.

Who patches suit best

Adults who prefer a simple once daily routine and steady relief. Patches are a strong base for combination therapy, leaving gum, lozenges, or inhalers to handle peaks. If you wake with strong urges, a 24 hour patch may help. If you dislike sleep disturbances, consider a 16 hour patch.

Nicotine Lozenges, Inhalers, and Nasal Sprays

Fast acting NRT variants offer different speeds and mouthfeel. Lozenges dissolve in the mouth and deliver nicotine through the buccal lining. They are discreet, familiar, and require no chewing. In a clinical trial, 2 mg lozenges produced a 46% abstinence rate at 6 weeks, which shows how early gains can look when technique and fit are good, though longer term maintenance still requires ongoing support (PubMed). Nicotine inhalers deliver aerosolised nicotine that absorbs through the mouth and throat, while nasal sprays deliver a rapid dose via the nasal mucosa. The nasal spray is one of the fastest NRTs for urge spikes, often delivering 0.5 mg per dose according to product instructions, which suits people with sudden intense cravings (CDC guidance). Each option has typical side effects. Lozenges can cause mouth irritation or heartburn if used too fast. Inhalers may lead to local throat irritation. Nasal sprays can cause nasal irritation or sneezing, especially at the start. Choose based on preference and where cravings strike. If you smoke to manage stress during commuting, a lozenge might be the easiest to keep at hand. If peak cravings are sudden and strong, a nasal spray offers the fastest relief among licensed NRT.

Who these suit best

Lozenges suit adults who dislike chewing or who have dental issues. Inhalers can satisfy the hand to mouth cue. Nasal spray is a fit for those with intense, short lived urges who want the fastest acting option in the licensed NRT set.

Vape Products as Nicotine Replacement (2026 UK Perspective)

Many UK adults now use vaping as a route out of smoking. National data show that more people in Britain vape than smoke, reflecting a shift toward smoke free nicotine during quit attempts (ASH). Evidence comparing e cigarettes with traditional NRT suggests a higher likelihood of quitting with vaping, with a risk ratio of 1.55 in pooled analyses cited by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Vapes can offer rapid craving relief plus the hand to mouth and inhalation cues that many smokers find helpful, which supports adherence for some users. In practice, adults often select a device and nicotine strength that matches their previous cigarette consumption, then taper. We encourage using local stop smoking services alongside vaping, since behavioural support complements any nicotine method and improves success. UK stop smoking services increasingly support people who choose to vape while quitting. For adults who want to avoid smoke and manage urges, vaping can be a pragmatic option within a structured quit plan. Vape Sales UK focuses on regulated, adult only products and clear guidance aligned with UK public health messaging. We provide a broad selection of compliant devices and e liquids suited to different dependence levels and flavour preferences, plus fast UK delivery and responsive support. If you already use licensed NRT but still face breakthrough cravings, discuss with a stop smoking advisor whether vaping or a fast acting NRT could help in the short term. If you decide to switch to vaping, aim to fully replace cigarettes, then plan a gradual nicotine reduction. To better understand the risks and benefits of vaping in the UK context, see our Vaping Risks UK 2026 Guide.

Benefits vs traditional NRT

Vaping can relieve urges quickly, and it replicates hand to mouth action that gum or patches do not. That behavioural match can improve real world adherence. Licensed NRT remains a strong option, and many adults succeed with a patch plus a fast acting form. Adults who choose to vape should seek behavioural support and use reputable UK compliant suppliers.

Comparison Table: Nicotine Gum vs Patches vs Lozenges vs Inhalers vs Vapes

Option	How it delivers	Evidence snapshot	Convenience	Behavioural cue	Side effects	Cost band
Gum	Buccal, chew/park	11.3% quit (PMC)	On demand	Low	Jaw, hiccups	Low
Patch	Transdermal steady	~27% at 26w (NTR)	Once daily	None	Skin irritation	Low-Med
Lozenge	Buccal dissolve	46% at 6w (PubMed)	Discreet	Low	Mouth upset	Low
Inhaler	Oral inhalation	Effective vs placebo	Portable	Medium	Throat irritation	Med
Nasal sp.	Nasal mucosa	Fastest NRT relief	Very fast	None	Nasal sting	Med
Vape	Aerosol inhalation	RR1.55 vs NRT (NIDA)	High	High	Throat dryness	Varied

Use case	Best fit options
All day baseline	Patch
Sudden strong cravings	Nasal spray, inhaler, vape
Need discreet use	Lozenge, gum
Want hand-to-mouth	Inhaler, vape
Minimal daily decisions	Patch

How to read this table

Effect sizes come from different study designs and time frames, so do not compare them as like for like head to head trials across every row. Use this as a directional guide to match delivery speed, convenience, and behavioural fit. When in doubt, combine a steady background method with a fast acting option under professional advice.

Combination Therapy: Can You Mix NRT Products?

Yes, many adults do better when they combine a steady background product with a fast acting option. Evidence from NIHR backed research shows that combination NRT increases quit rates by about 25% compared with a single form (NIHR Evidence). A common plan is a daily patch for baseline withdrawal plus gum, lozenges, or an inhaler for spikes. The rationale is simple. The patch smooths background nicotine levels, and the fast acting product handles trigger moments at work, driving, or socialising. Research and expert commentary also note that higher dose patch regimens within licensed ranges can help heavier smokers, while fast acting add ons address situational urges (CNS Drugs, via PMC). Health economic analyses suggest combination NRT is cost effective compared with single form use, which supports its wider use in routine practice (Health Economics, via PMC). Some adults choose to vape alongside a patch during the early weeks for behavioural support. Evidence for vaping shows higher quit rates than traditional NRT on average in pooled analyses (NIDA). If you go this route, discuss a plan with an NHS stop smoking advisor to ensure safe dosing and a taper schedule. Always follow pack instructions, and seek advice if you experience persistent side effects or signs of nicotine overuse like nausea or palpitations.

Practical tips

• Choose a patch strength that fits your morning craving intensity.
• Keep a fast acting option within reach during trigger times.
• Review progress weekly, then step down doses as urges fall.
• If one method is hard to stick with, switch or combine rather than stopping support entirely.

Choosing the Right NRT for You: Factors to Consider

Start with your smoking pattern. If you smoke soon after waking and throughout the day, a higher strength patch within licensed guidance plus a fast acting option can cover baseline and spikes. If you mainly struggle in specific situations, a portable fast acting product might be enough, especially with behavioural support. Your quit history matters. If you previously relapsed due to sudden urges, prioritise methods with rapid relief. If you stopped for days but found the routine hard, pick options that reduce decisions, like a daily patch. Cost and access are considerations too. Licensed NRT is available over the counter, and local NHS stop smoking services can support access. Adherence is the strongest predictor of success across methods. Choose the option you can use consistently. Research indicates that aligning the delivery profile to your dependence level improves outcomes, and that personal preference influences adherence (Nicotine & Tobacco Research). Some trials show higher dose patches within licensed ranges can improve quit rates for more dependent smokers (CNS Drugs, via PMC). If you plan to vape, match the device style to your needs and aim to fully replace cigarettes, then taper nicotine over time. Behavioural support from NHS services improves success irrespective of the product chosen.

When to switch or combine

If cravings persist after a week on a single method, add a fast acting product. If side effects limit use, switch formats. If the routine feels complex, return to a simple base like a patch and add only one fast acting tool. Seek advice from a pharmacist or NHS stop smoking service if unsure.

FAQs and UK Quit Support Resources

• How long should I use NRT? Many adults use NRT for 8 to 12 weeks or longer, stepping down doses. Duration varies by dependence and relapse risk. Follow pack guidance and speak to a pharmacist or NHS advisor.
• Is vaping safer than smoking? Vaping avoids combustion and can help adults move away from cigarettes. UK public health bodies report growing use as a quit aid, and pooled analyses suggest higher quit rates than traditional NRT (ASH; NIDA). If you do not smoke, do not start vaping.
• Can I use a patch and gum together? Yes. Combination therapy increases quit rates by about 25% versus single form NRT (NIHR Evidence).
• What if I get side effects? Mild irritation of skin, mouth, or throat is common early on. Reduce dose or switch format if needed. Seek medical advice for persistent symptoms.
• Where can I get help? Use NHS stop smoking services for behavioural support alongside any product.

NHS resources:

• NHS Stop Smoking Services: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/quit-smoking/nhs-stop-smoking-services-help-you-quit/
• NHS NRT information: https://www.nicotine-replacement-therapy-leaflet.nhs.uk

Where to Buy NRT Products in the UK (Including Vapes)

Licensed NRT is available over the counter in UK pharmacies and via NHS stop smoking services. Pharmacists can advise on strengths and technique. Many GPs and local services also provide structured support and access to products as part of a quit plan. Vape products are widely available from specialist UK retailers. Choose reputable vendors who prioritise adult only sales and clear product information. Vape Sales UK focuses on regulated, adult focused vaping products that align with UK public health messaging. We offer fast delivery, competitive multi buy deals, and responsive support to help you select options that fit your plan. This guide is informational and not medical advice. Speak to a pharmacist, GP, or NHS stop smoking advisor before making changes to your regimen. Learn more about regulated vaping options at Vape Sales UK. For additional expert resources on quitting and NRT, explore our Quit Smoking UK: Nicotine Replacement Guide 2026 and Nicotine Replacement Therapy UK 2026 Guide.

Quick links

• NHS Stop Smoking Services: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/quit-smoking/nhs-stop-smoking-services-help-you-quit/
• Learn more about regulated vaping options: https://vapesales.co.uk/

Conclusion

Choosing the right nicotine replacement is about fit, not just theory. Evidence shows NRT roughly doubles quit chances, and combining a patch with a fast acting option improves success further. Patches simplify the day. Gum, lozenges, inhalers, and nasal spray tackle spikes. Many adults now use vaping for rapid relief and behavioural match, and pooled analyses suggest higher quit rates than traditional NRT. Your best plan is the one you can follow. Match delivery speed and convenience to your routine, then add NHS behavioural support to strengthen your chances. If one method does not suit you, switch or combine rather than going unaided. For regulated, adult only vaping products and clear guidance aligned with UK standards, Vape Sales UK is here to help. Learn more about regulated vaping options. For further reading on NRT and vaping, visit our Nicotine Replacement Therapy UK 2026 Guide and Vaping Risks UK 2026 Guide.

References

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